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Before leaving their litter, puppies learn and assert their rank in the pack by pushing, growling and biting their litter mates. The pups that push and bite the most rise to the top of the pack rank. Those that back down fall to lower rank and become submissive subordinates. The puppy that bites and shoves the most gets the best place at mom's teats at feeding time and has greatest access to other resources. This is basic canine pack behavior being expressed even at one or two weeks of age. When your puppy first comes into your home, he instinctively needs to know his rank in your pack. He will test to find his rank the only way he knows - push, growl, and bite. Now you understand why he's being a normal puppy.

It is important to understand that dogs of lower rank in the pack do not bite or challenge higher ranking pack members once rank is established. They avoid confrontation with the pack leaders (also known as the alphas) at all cost. They know their place and understand full well that any challenge offered to the alphas cannot end well. Your puppy has this instinct well developed long before he arrives to your home. It is this instinct we will use to end the biting and challenging.

Littermates test each other for pack ranking at a very young age

Your puppy doesn't yet know you're the alpha pack leader - the highest ranking member of the pack. So, it is time for you to assert your position and let him know. In doing so, you will be amazed at how quickly your little land shark will turn into a loving (non-biting) and happy pup from heaven above. It is important to reiterate that the biting and challenging is occurring because the puppy is testing your pack rank. Once he realizes you're the pack leader the behavior will stop. The transformation will start to show within just a few days if you follow the instructions below.

First and foremost, if you haven't started to crate train your puppy, get started immediately. This is an absolute must. In the wild, mother dogs protect their pups in a den. The pups are not permitted to leave the den unless the mother directs them to follow. The den is a place of safety and comfort. The crate fulfills the same purpose. It is a place your puppy, and later your full grown dog, will use as his place of rest and comfort. Under no circumstances should you punish your puppy by sending him to his crate. Doing so undermines the whole purpose of crate training. His crate should not be a place of punishment but rather his sanctuary.

Rottweiler puppy in his crate

Your puppy must sleep in his crate. Do not allow him up on the bed or couch and do not lay on the floor to play with the pup. The pack leader does not share it's sleeping spot with subordinates and it will not lay down before subordinates - a submissive behavior that says "I'm lower ranking than you". Also, do not elevate your puppy's crate to the same level of your bed or above you to keep an eye on him. The pack leader always chooses high ground for his sleeping spot.

Another advantage of crate training is it makes it much easier for your dog to travel and stay with you in hotels or with guests. It provides your dog with a familiar and comforting place he can call home away from home. Our Rottweiler, Joy, always sleeps in her crate when traveling. We leave the door open. When she needs to relax or go to bed for the night, she crawls into her crate on her own and snuggles in.

I've stressed the importance of crate training because it is an essential part of the broader task of pack training. However instructions on how to crate train your puppy is beyond the scope of this post. There are a number of excellent references on the Internet that you can Google for more information and assistance. An excellent resource for information on all things Rottweiler is www.rottweiler.net.

Do not initially allow your puppy free house privileges. If he is out of the crate and in the house he needs to be on a leash. I know this sounds silly but he needs to learn that you own the house and his access to any place in the house is under your control. Mommy dog teaches her puppies that she decides where they can follow and when. You are teaching the same lesson. Doing so actually builds his trust in you, a feeling of security for him, and a secure developmental platform for the puppy to explore his new world without anxiety or fear. It builds a foundation for confidence in your dog that will become important later in life.

When taking your puppy outside, he needs to be on-leash irrespective of whether you have a fenced yard. If your puppy gets fixated on something he should leave alone, there should be no reason to pick him up and take him away from it only to have him return to it immediately. A tug on leash is all that should be required. It doesn't give him the opportunity (or rank) to decide that he will return to whatever it is you took him away from. When you give a tug on the leash say "leave it". This is a safety command he will learn later when he starts beginner's obedience training. By then, he'll already have a concept of what the command means and will be ahead of his class.

Don't leave your puppy's toys laying around. Keep them in a box he does not have access to. When it is play time, take one toy out of the box (you choose the toy) and make your puppy do something to get it. For example, if the he knows how to sit, then command the pup to sit first before getting the toy. If he doesn't know any commands yet, lower an empty hand to his level and let him lick it or touch it with his paw. If he nips you then make a loud cry, withdraw your hand, and turn your back to him and ignor him for 15 to 30 seconds then try again. DO NOT SHOVE OR SMACK HIM!!! Doing so undermines the trust he needs to have in you as a fair pack leader. Finally he will get the message that nipping doesn't get the toy and worse, results in rejection. Once he does something nice for you then give him the toy. At the end of play time, make sure he sees you put the toy back in the box.

The whole point of this exercise is your puppy doesn't own any toys. They are your toys and he gets to play with them when you allow him to. In a dog pack, the alpha owns everything. The subordinates get things when they do something for the alpha. Being in control of your puppy's toys is a strong message to him that you are the pack leader. If he is in control of his toys, then he's the pack leader and will expect you to ask for his permission to play with his toys.

How many times have you seen videos of an overly possessive dog snapping at its owner over a toy or food? This behavior is called resource guarding. It is a behavior that is borne out of the dog thinking he is the pack leader because he has been in control of his toys and food since a puppy. Now that the dog is older, he expects his owner to respect his position as the pack leader. Trying to take any resource from him will result in immediate reprisal. The relationship is clearly backwards and it is the owner's fault!

Resource guarding by a full grown Rottweiler can be a dangerous!

Do not play tug games or any other competition games with your puppy for now. Pack leaders don't allow subordinates to try to take anything from them. Playing tug and competition games directly communicates to your puppy that you aren't the pack leader and he has high enough rank to attempt to take the toy from you. Your puppy can't yet differentiate between companionship playing and pack positioning. Some trainers recommend that you never play competition games with your rottie. I play tug with our girl now that she's older but she clearly understands that we're engaging in companionship play. She's happy that I'm the pack leader and has no desire whatsoever to change the relationship. If I say "that's enough" she understands that play time is over.

When feeding time comes, prepare the pup's bowl of food then sit down with it for awhile. Let the pup see you have possession of the bowl. If it barks for the bowl, ignore it completely - don't say "no" as you're giving it a response. Your puppy doesn't understand no. He understands that you're barking at him in competition for the food. The pack leader does not compete for food. After the pup has settled down then feed the pup but before setting the bowl down, make the pup do something for you first (like sit or some other thing it knows how to do). Then allow the pup to eat. Don't take food away from the pup while it is eating. The pack leader in a dog pack always eats first then gives what is left over to the rest of the pack and allows them to eat in peace.I've read too many articles on the older yank and crank methods of dog training, which involves "alpha rolling" the dog and dominance training where the owner is instructed to take food away from the puppy and give it back. If you're going to start doing these things with a Rottweiler, you better get a good first aid kit. You're going to need it. If you understand dog pack behavior, you will understand that you're teaching your dog that you are an unfair bully who can't be trusted nor fit to be his pack leader. Alpha rolling is an outdated and mean spirited method of correcting your dog or punishing it into submission. There are gentle and positive ways to correct your dog when needed. Taking food away from your puppy in dominance training says "I"m not the pack leader, I'm your equal and I want your food".

While we're on the topic of feeding, now is an excellent time to teach your puppy that good things come from the hand of the master. Most Rottweiler puppies inhale their food like a vacuum cleaner. Some don't so don't be alarmed if your puppy is more reserved. Before you set down the bowl, prepare a treat that the puppy really loves. After you set down the food and the puppy starts eating, call his name to get his attention then hand him a treat. If his attention can't be broken, slowly lower the treat in front of him until he sees it. He will eagerly take it from you then quickly return back to gobbling down his food. After he takes the treat, walk away and let him finish eating. Do this every time you feed him. He will soon look for the treat while eating. When he reaches this point, now start placing the treat in his bowl on top of his food as he eats. He is learning that your hand around his food is a good thing. This teaches him to not resource guard and to see your approaching him while he is eating is a reward in the offering.

Spring boarding from the previous paragraph, always be fair with your puppy. The pack leader maintains order and controls the resources but is always fair, making sure the subordinates have access to resources when they are available. A pack leader most certainly got to the position by asserting his rank but he doesn't maintain the position by bullying pack members. In the wild, a pack leader (or alpha) won't hold the position for long if he isn't a dog confident in his leadership qualities and ability to provide for the pack. The key is to learn to think like a pack leader in dog terms. It is the only thing your young pup understands intuitively.